Gracia Mendes
Her Times and People
A paper submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for courses on Jewish Education and Sephardic History
International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism
Dennis P. Geller

Contents
Preface and Apology

Gracia Mendes and Her Times A nutshell biography
Gracia Mendes Timeline
A list of the significant events in and surrounding her life
A Timetable of Jews in Iberia
A chronology from biblical times through the present, including a map of the Iberian Diaspora
Women of Influence
Some of the other important Jewish women from Gracia’s day.
Edict Response to the King and Queen of Spain by Isaac Abravanel
Abravanel’s courageous comments to Ferdinand and Isabel when all hope of reversing the order of expulsion had been lost
Rituals and Practices
Some of the practices and folk customs of the modern Sephardim
Lesson Plans
Discussions and projects that might be useful to teachers.
Eyewitness Description of the Expulsion
A contemporary history
Folklore of the Expulsion
A modern folk version
Esther the Marrano
The story of Esther raises memories of the Sephardic experience
The Crypto-Jews: An Ancient Heritage Comes Alive Again
Sephardim in the modern American Southwest
The Ladino Language
A memoir and overview of Judeo-Spanish (Ladino)
Judeo-Spanish: Birth, Death and Re-birth
A more detailed history and analysis of the language, with additional references.
The Sephardic Heritage Windows
The story and symbolism of a modern Los Angeles masterwork.
The Silver (Morrono Style) Piano
An example of a modern craft style that reminds us of the secrecy of the crypto-Jews.
A Spot of Identity
A genetic marker among the Sephardim
Modern Sephardic Poetry
Some modern poems that express the sense of history and beauty of the Sephardim
References: A Sampler


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